Journal: Molecular Medicine Reports

Article Title: Cigarette smoke combined with Klebsiella pneumoniae induce damage to the air-blood barrier in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rats via the MAPK/NF-κB/IκBα pathway

doi: 10.3892/mmr.2026.13797

Figure Lengend Snippet: Injury of mucus hypersecretion and oxidative damage in all groups. (A) AB-PAS staining images of the airway in all groups (AB-PAS; ×200 magnification and ×400 magnification). Arrows indicate goblet cells. (B) The expression level of MUC5AC and MUC5B in the airway tested using immunohistochemistry (×200 magnification). (C) The expression of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, T-SOD, MDA, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung tissue and serum of rats in all groups. The values are expressed as mean ± SE; (n=8). *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 vs. normal group. AB-PAS, Alcian blue-periodic acid-schiff; MUC5AC, mucoprotein-5AC; MUC5B, mucoprotein-5B; T-SOD, total superoxide dismutase; MDA, malondialdehyde; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase 9; TIMP-1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2; IOD, integrated optical density.

Article Snippet: The secretion of IL-6 (Rat IL-6 ELISA Kit; cat. no. E-EL-R0015; Elabscience Bionovation Inc.), IL-10 (Rat IL-10 ELISA Kit; cat. no. E-EL-R0016; Elabscience Bionovation Inc.), malondialdehyde (MDA) (MDA assay kit; cat. no. A003-1-2; Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) (SOD assay kit; cat. no. A001-3-2; Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute), MMP-9 (Rat MMP-9 ELISA Kit; cat. no. E-EL-R3021; Elabscience Bionovation Inc.) and tissue Inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1 ELISA Kit; cat. no. E-EL-R0540; Elabscience Bionovation Inc.) in the lung tissue homogenate was measured using ELISA kits, following the manufacturer's instructions.

Techniques: Staining, Expressing, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: A nanosystem targeting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 for continuous spatiotemporal idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis therapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-68398-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Schematic illustration of the experimental process. (Created in BioRender. Zhang, F. (2025) https://BioRender.com/24749x6 ). b IHC staining and quantification of TIMP-1 and COL1A1 in lung sections from non-IPF controls (n = 10 non-IPF patients) and IPF patients (n = 8 IPF patients). c Correlation analysis of TIMP-1 and COL1A1. d Schematic illustration of the experimental process. (Created in BioRender. Zhang, F. (2025) https://BioRender.com/chpxtxr ). e IHC staining and quantification of TIMP-1 and COL1A1 in lung sections from controls and bleomycin-induced fibrosis mouse models. f Correlation analysis of TIMP-1 and COL1A1 (n = 20 samples). Immunofluorescence (IF) staining of ROS, IHC staining of AQP5, and the quantification of positive area in lung sections from non-IPF controls (n = 5 non-IPF patients for ROS; n = 10 non-IPF patients for AQP5) and IPF patients (n = 10 IPF patients for ROS; n = 8 IPF patients for AQP5) ( g ), as well as bleomycin-induced fibrosis mouse models (n = 10 mice) ( h ). Data indicate mean ± SEM, two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. Source data are provided as a file.

Article Snippet: Rabbit anti-human CD63/CD9/ALIX antibody, HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG(H+L) secondary antibody, Tetramethylrhodamine (TRITC)/FITC-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody, rabbit anti-human TIMP-1 antibody, and mouse TIMP-1 ELISA kit were purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Two Tailed Test

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: A nanosystem targeting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 for continuous spatiotemporal idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis therapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-68398-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Illustration of the mechanism of aT for MMP/TIMP-1 rebalance. (Created in BioRender. Zhang, F. (2025) https://BioRender.com/5c51mwj ). b , c The levels of TIMP-1 and active MMP-9 in MLF supernatants. d , e Cell apoptosis and quantification of A549 cells. f Cell viability of bleomycin-challenged A549 cells after various treatments for 24, 48, and 72 h. g Images of wound healing assay and quantification of migration area. h CLSM images, 3D maps and quantification of ROS in A549 cells. Data indicate mean ± SEM, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test; Measurements in Fig. were taken from 3 biological replicates. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: Rabbit anti-human CD63/CD9/ALIX antibody, HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG(H+L) secondary antibody, Tetramethylrhodamine (TRITC)/FITC-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody, rabbit anti-human TIMP-1 antibody, and mouse TIMP-1 ELISA kit were purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Wound Healing Assay, Migration

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: A nanosystem targeting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 for continuous spatiotemporal idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis therapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-68398-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Illustration of animal experiment procedure. (Created in BioRender. Zhang, F. (2025) https://BioRender.com/15qup8o ). Representative images ( b ), Masson staining ( c ), and Ashcroft score ( d ) of mouse lungs after different treatments (n = 6 per group). e IF staining of α-SMA and COL1A1 in mouse lung sections (n = 6 per group). f HYP content in mouse lung tissues (n = 6 per group). The level of TIMP-1 ( g ) and active MMP-9 ( h ) in mouse BALF (n = 4 per group). i Flow cytometry analysis of the ROS levels in mouse lung tissues (n = 5 per group). j TUNEL staining of mouse lung sections (n = 6 per group). Data indicate mean ± SEM; one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. Source data are provided as a file.

Article Snippet: Rabbit anti-human CD63/CD9/ALIX antibody, HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG(H+L) secondary antibody, Tetramethylrhodamine (TRITC)/FITC-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody, rabbit anti-human TIMP-1 antibody, and mouse TIMP-1 ELISA kit were purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Staining, Flow Cytometry, TUNEL Assay